RESUMO
We report a new hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 5 variant from a woman living in Burkina Faso. Phylogenetic analysis of the near full-length genome sequence suggests that this isolate HCV5_BF16 could be the first reported strain belonging to a new HCV 5 subtype, distinct from the 5a subtype.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Genoma Viral , Genótipo , Hepacivirus/classificação , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatite C/virologia , Evolução Molecular , Feminino , Humanos , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Burkina Faso began rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in 2003 and by December 2009, 26,448 individuals were on treatment. With rapid scale-up of ART, some degree of human immunodeficiency virus transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is inevitable. Following World Health Organization methods, between June 2008 and July 2009, Burkina Faso assessed TDR in primigravid pregnant women aged <25 years attending antenatal care clinics in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. TDR was classified as moderate (5%-15%) for both nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors and nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors. The observed moderate TDR in Ouagadougou is a cause for concern and calls for closer monitoring of Burkina Faso's ART program.
Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/farmacologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV/genética , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Burkina Faso/epidemiologia , Farmacorresistência Viral , Feminino , HIV/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Humanos , Vigilância da População , Gravidez , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Determine the pattern of drug resistance among HIV infected drug exposed patients failing therapy in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. METHODS: The protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) of 87 samples from 75 treatment exposed HIV infected patients failing therapy were PCR amplified, sequenced, subtyped and analyzed for the presence of drug resistance mutations. RESULTS: The most common drugs used were 3TC, AZT (or d4T) and EFV. The dominant subtypes were CRF06_cpx (48%) and CRF02_AG (40%). The prevalence of resistance mutations among patients failing therapy was: PR inhibitors (PI), 40%; non-nucleoside RT-inhibitors (NNRTI), 76% and nucleoside RT-inhibitors (NRTI), 85%. Dominant mutations included M46I (37%), 154V (26%), V82A/T/F (30%) in PR; K103N (44%), G190A/S (16%) and T215F/Y (48%) (NRTIs) in RT. Some resistance mutations, notably D67N/G, K70R and L210W (thymidine analogue mutations-TAMs); K101E, V179E in RT, 154V, V82A/T/F and L90M in PR were significantly higher among CRF06_cpx than CRF02_AG strains (P < 0.05). Although not significant, other TAMs (M41L, T215F/Y, K219Q/E) also occurred more frequently among CRF06_cpx strains as well. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of drug resistance mutations among ARV exposed patients in Burkina Faso with an unexpected subtype-specific difference. Validation of this result will require larger sample sizes and in vitro drug susceptibility studies with CRF06_cpx strains.
